8 Linux Nslookup-kommandoer til fejlfinding af DNS
nslookup er et administrativt kommandolinjeværktøj til test og fejlfinding af DNS-servere (Domain Name Server). Det bruges også til at forespørge på specifikke DNS-ressourceposter (RR). De fleste operativsystemer leveres med indbygget nslookup-funktion.
Denne artikel demonstrerer udbredt nslookup-kommando i detaljer. Nslookup kan køres i to tilstande: Interaktiv og ikke-interaktiv. Den interaktive tilstand bruges til at forespørge DNS-server om forskellige domæner og værter. Ikke-interaktiv tilstand bruges til at spørge om oplysninger om et domæne eller vært.
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# nslookup yahoo.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: yahoo.com Address: 72.30.38.140 Name: yahoo.com Address: 98.139.183.24 Name: yahoo.com Address: 209.191.122.70
Ovenstående kommandoforespørgsel domæne www.yahoo.com med 4.2.2.2 offentlig DNS-server og nedenstående sektion viser ikke-autoritativt svar: viser en registrering af www.yahoo.com
# nslookup 209.191.122.70 Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: 70.122.191.209.in-addr.arpa name = ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com. Authoritative answers can be found from:
# nslookup ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com. Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com Address: 209.191.122.70
# nslookup -query=mx www.yahoo.com
Server: 4.2.2.2
Address: 4.2.2.2#53
Non-authoritative answer:
www.yahoo.com canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
Authoritative answers can be found from:
wa1.b.yahoo.com
origin = yf1.yahoo.com
mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
serial = 1344827307
refresh = 30
retry = 30
expire = 86400
minimum = 1800
MX-post bruges til at kortlægge et domænenavn til en liste over mailudvekslingsservere for det domæne. Så det fortæller, at uanset hvilken e-mail, der modtages/sendes til @ yahoo.com, dirigeres til mailserveren.
# nslookup -query=ns www.yahoo.com
Server: 4.2.2.2
Address: 4.2.2.2#53
Non-authoritative answer:
www.yahoo.com canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
Authoritative answers can be found from:
wa1.b.yahoo.com
origin = yf1.yahoo.com
mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
serial = 1344827782
refresh = 30
retry = 30
expire = 86400
minimum = 1800# nslookup -type=soa www.yahoo.com
Server: 4.2.2.2
Address: 4.2.2.2#53
Non-authoritative answer:
www.yahoo.com canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
Authoritative answers can be found from:
wa1.b.yahoo.com
origin = yf1.yahoo.com
mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
serial = 1344827965
refresh = 30
retry = 30
expire = 86400
minimum = 1800# nslookup -query=any yahoo.com
Server: 4.2.2.2
Address: 4.2.2.2#53
Non-authoritative answer:
yahoo.com
origin = ns1.yahoo.com
mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
serial = 2012081016
refresh = 3600
retry = 300
expire = 1814400
minimum = 600
Name: yahoo.com
Address: 98.139.183.24
Name: yahoo.com
Address: 209.191.122.70
Name: yahoo.com
Address: 72.30.38.140
yahoo.com mail exchanger = 1 mta7.am0.yahoodns.net.
yahoo.com mail exchanger = 1 mta5.am0.yahoodns.net.
yahoo.com mail exchanger = 1 mta6.am0.yahoodns.net.
yahoo.com nameserver = ns3.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com nameserver = ns4.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com nameserver = ns2.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com nameserver = ns8.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com nameserver = ns1.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com nameserver = ns6.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com nameserver = ns5.yahoo.com.
Authoritative answers can be found from:For at aktivere fejlretningstilstand returnerer 'sæt fejlretning' dig detaljerede oplysninger som TTL, her er output.
# nslookup -debug yahoo.com
> set debug
> yahoo.com
Server: 4.2.2.2
Address: 4.2.2.2#53
------------
QUESTIONS:
yahoo.com, type = A, class = IN
ANSWERS:
-> yahoo.com
internet address = 72.30.38.140
ttl = 1523
-> yahoo.com
internet address = 98.139.183.24
ttl = 1523
-> yahoo.com
internet address = 209.191.122.70
ttl = 1523
AUTHORITY RECORDS:
ADDITIONAL RECORDS:
------------
Non-authoritative answer:
Name: yahoo.com
Address: 72.30.38.140
Name: yahoo.com
Address: 98.139.183.24
Name: yahoo.com
Address: 209.191.122.70I denne artikel har vi forsøgt at dække nslookup-kommandoer, der kan hjælpe dig med at søge (DNS) Domain Name Service-relateret information. Næste artikel vil være på Linux Dig-kommando, der ligner nslookup. Hvis du kunne lide artiklen, så del den med dine venner og glem ikke at give din værdifulde feedback gennem kommentarfeltet.